Cómo extraer ADN de los huesos

En campos de investigación científica o identificación como la arqueología., ciencia forense, y paleontología, Los científicos a menudo necesitan obtener información genética sobre un organismo a partir de muestras de huesos o dientes antiguos.. This information is important for studies such as species identification, identity, and environmental change. Sin embargo, extracting DNA from bones is a complex and technically demanding technique due to the storage conditions of the samples. This article will detail the process of how to effectively extraer ADN from bones.

I. Preparation

Selection of suitable samples: Ideal samples should be well-preserved bone parts that have not been seriously contaminated. Por ejemplo, human remains found in archaeological sites or animal bones preserved in specific environments.

Cleaning and processing: Use sterile tools to remove surface soil and other contaminants to minimize the impact of external DNA on the results. Sometimes chemical methods (p.ej., soaking in alcohol) are required for further cleaning.

2. Crushing and Demineralisation

Crushing of bones: To enhance the effect of the reagents, the bones are usually ground into fine particles. This step needs to be carried out under strict control to avoid the introduction of foreign DNA.

Demineralization: By adding a chelating agent solution such as EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), the calcium salt content of the bone can be effectively dissolved away, thus releasing the encapsulated cells. This process may take hours or even days.

3. Extracción de ADN

Cell lysis: Proteinasa K and lysing solution are added to the demineralized bone meal to promote cell rupture through heating, allowing the release of internal DNA. Después, a centrifuge was used to separate the supernatant, i.e. the liquid containing the target DNA.

Purification step: DNA purification is performed using the magnetic bead method of nucleic acid extraction, silica gel columns, or other commercially available kits. These methods remove impurities such as proteins and polysaccharides while concentrating and retaining pure DNA fragments.

4. Quality testing and analysis

Concentration measurement: Measure the total amount of DNA extracted and its purity using a UV spectrophotometer, PCR cuantitativa de fluorescencia, etc..

Integrity assessment: check whether the DNA chain is complete through gel electrophoresis, or directly carry out sequencing to initially judge its suitability.

5. Precautions over the extraction process

Degradation problem: With the prolongation of sample preservation time, DNA is prone to breakage, hydrolysis, and other phenomena, resulting in increased difficulty in extraction. Por lo tanto, special attention should be paid to rapid extraction and reduction of loss when dealing with age-old samples.

Contamination control: Aseptic operation norms must be strictly observed during the whole process to prevent the mixing of modern human-derived DNA, which will affect the authenticity of the final results.

The extraction of high-quality DNA from bones not only relies on the support of advanced science and technology but also tests the professional knowledge and meticulous operation skills of researchers. As research in this field continues to develop, we hope to unravel more of the mysteries of life in the future.

Proveedor

Shanghai Lingjun Biotecnología Co., Limitado.se estableció en 2016 que es un fabricante profesional de materiales biomagnéticos y reactivos de extracción de ácidos nucleicos..

Tenemos una rica experiencia en extracción y purificación de ácidos nucleicos., purificación de proteínas, separación celular, quimioluminiscencia y otros campos técnicos.

Nuestros productos son ampliamente utilizados en muchos campos., como pruebas médicas, pruebas genéticas, investigación universitaria, mejoramiento genético, etcétera. No solo proporcionamos productos sino que también podemos realizar OEM, ODM, y otras necesidades. Si tiene una necesidad relacionada, no dude en contactarnos enventas01@lingjunbio.com.

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